Food and Nutrition Security in Argentina

Argentina is a country with a vast area and range of climates, coupled with a wealth of natural resources, including products created by agricultural activity.

Food and Nutrition Security in Bolivia a Country of Incalculable Wealth

Bolivia is a country with a wide range of incalculable wealth, reflected in the abundance and diversity of its natural resources, culture and traditions.

Food and Nutrition Security in Brazil

In the past 40 years, the agricultural public and private sectors of Brazil have been working in close collaboration, to promote one of the most impressive and successful sustainable agricultural developments in a middle income country.

Food and Nutrition Security in Canada

Canada is a large country with abundant natural resources, and a highly diverse agricultural sector. It is one of the largest food producers and exporters in the world. Most of its agricultural activity is located near the southern border with the U.S. Despite being a rich country, there is a widening gap between rich and poor, and a significant proportion of its population (approx. 12%) is in poverty and experiences food shortages.

Food and Nutrition Security in Colombia

As a result of its position and physiography, Colombia has an enormous diversity of climate zones, together with abundant agricultural and fresh water resources, an exceptional biodiversity
and a wealth of natural resources. Its agriculture is characterized by technified monocultures by region (such as sugar cane, coffee, flowers, cotton, banana, banana, sorghum, maize, rice, African palm, potato and cassava).

Challenges for Food and Nutrition Security in the Americas Costa Rica and its commitment to sustainability

As a small nation with high biodiversity and an extensive system of protected areas, Costa Rica will face particular challenges regarding food security over the next few years. Thus, whatever development model the country chooses, it must achieve a compromise between conservation and production (agricultural, energy and so on). Although the country’s malnutrition levels are below 5%, socioeconomic asymmetries – which have been increasing in recent years – put a growing proportion of the population at risk.

Food and Nutrition Security: A Cuban Perspective

This report presents an integrated perspective of a group of specialists from the agri-food, environmental, economic and scientific manage- ment sectors, invited by the Cuban Academy of Sciences to take part in this survey on the country’s food and nutrition security in the middle of this century, and outline the country’s challenges, strengths and experiences.

Sustainable Agriculture and Healthy Food in Chile

Chile is located in the far SW of South America. It occupies an area of 756,100 km2, making it the world’s longest country and, possibly also the narrowest.

It has a population of 17 million, with a growth rate of 1%, where 13% is over 60 and 13% is rural population. Life expectancy at birth is 79, and the agricultural sector represents 8.6% of the country’s labor force.

Food and Nutrition Security in the Dominican Republic A vision for the next 50 years

The Dominican Republic is an island state with an area of 48,308
km2, with 1.9 million hectares dedicated to agricultural production.
The country’s main agricultural products are rice, maize, sugar cane, coffee, cacao, tobacco, coconut, beans, pigeon peas, yucca, taro, sweet potato, yam, potato, plantain, banana, onion, eggplant, squash, tomato, avocado, papaya, pineapple, sweet orange, passion fruit, cucumber and chayote. Beef cattle, pig, poultry and egg production are also very important.

Food and Nutrition Security in Ecuador

Ecuador has three distinct natural regions (Coastal, Andean and Amazonian), along with the Galapagos Islands, represents a wide diversity of ecosystems. Due in part to the land-use patterns of the oil sector, which accounts for more than half of Ecuador’s export earnings, Ecuador is not self-sufficient in food and the population’s access to food is limited. Iron deficiency is the most widespread problem and there are also moderate levels of vitamin A and zinc deficiency.

Food and Nutrition Security in Guatemala

The Republic of Guatemala is the northernmost country of the Central American Isthmus. It is topographically and geographically diverse, with both an Atlantic and Pacific coastline, coastal plains and central mountainous highlands, with lakes, rivers and forests. Features of its geography and geology make the country inordinately disaster-prone, including major earthquakes, disruptive volcanic eruptions, periodic droughts alternating with hyper-precipitation with flooding and land- slides.

Honduras: The Green Heart of Central America

Food insecurity affects 72% of Honduras’s population, mainly in rural areas, since over half the population lives in extreme poverty. This situation is linked to the degradation of natural resources, climate change, low productivity levels, low educational attainment, the use of obsolete and inefficient technology, economic constraints on access to food and uncoordinated state policies.

Food and Nutritional Security in Mexico: Major Challenges for the Twenty First Century

Mexico is the thirteenth largest country worldwide. It has enormous environmental heterogeneity, due to its physiographic complexity, intricate geological history and varied climates. It also has vast
cultural wealth due to its indigenous peoples, who have interacted
for thousands of years with the country’s vast biological diversity.

Food and Nutrition Security for the Sustainable Development of Nicaragua

Nicaragua’s economy relies on agriculture, representing the main income source of thousands of families in rural areas where poverty
is concentrated. Despite continued efforts to increase agricultural productivity, Nicaragua has the lowest yields of most of the important crops in Central America.

Food and Nutrition Security for Panama Challenges and Opportunities for This Century

Undertaking agricultural research, which leads to technological innovations resulting in food production, is an essential element
in ensuring food and nutrition security for Panama. However, the country’s social, economic and political scenarios must be analyzed within the context of the public policies for defining business strategies in order to facilitate access to national and international markets.

Food and Nutritional Security in Peru

Peru is one of the countries with the greatest diversity of ecosystems and species. It is home to 84 of the 117 life zones recognized in the world, included in a wide range of climates, geoforms and types of vegetation. It is an agricultural and livestock country par excellence, contributing 80% of the food consumed by its population, meaning that it needs to import the remaining 20%. It has a capacity to develop agricultural crops above 4000 masl and is internationally recognized for its production of “superfoods” such as quinoa, kiwicha, cañihua, maca, yacón, Inca nut, anchovy, camu camu, purple maize and soursop.

Food and Nutrition Security in the United States of America

Globally, overall demand for agricultural products is expected to grow at 1.1% per year from 2005/2007-2050, down from 2.2% per year in the past four decades (Alexandratos and Bruinsma, 2012). Population growth, increases in per-capita consumption, and changes in diets leading to the consumption of more livestock products are the main drivers of expected changes.

Uruguay, a World Food Producer: Toward a Sustainable Production from a Food and Nutritional Security Perspective

Located in the Southern Cone, Uruguay is a country with a total area of 176,216 km2, and a population of 3,431,555 inhabitants (World Bank, 2015). Its population, living mostly in urban areas (over 95%), has a lit- eracy rate of nearly 99% and a low replacement rate. Uruguay has been classified as a high-income country by the World Bank, and is in the high human- development category according to the index used by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP, 2015).